Who core prescribing indicators

Who core prescribing indicators. 38 ± 1. 16%) <25 In this study, we aim to assess the prescription pattern and prescribing behavior of physicians using the WHO-recommended core prescribing indicators at a teaching hospital in South India. Methods: A 1 year retrospective study was conducted in four HCFs using WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators. 4-24. Prescriptions were obtained from five major specialties, namely Bad prescribing habits lead to ineffective and unsafe treatment, exacerbation or prolongation of illness, distress and harm to the patient, and higher costs. doi: 10. 8 Jul 29, 2020 · The assessment of prescribing practice using WHO core prescribing indicators revealed that the percentage of encounters with antibacterials and injectables was 42. 6%), folic acid (18. Abstract. Nov 2, 2023 · One well-established method is to assess prescriptions using WHO drug use indicators, recognized globally as a standard for identifying prescribing issues and applied in more than 30 developing nations . Share. The recommended value of WHO for core prescribing indicators include: average number of drugs per encounter < 2 (1. 69 (±0. 2020 Nov 27:12:237-244. The study was done to see the prescription format and adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators in the pharmacies surrounding the major hospitals in Lahore and found the quality of prescriptions, in terms of pattern and of the drugs prescribed, was sub-standard. The five most commonly prescribed medicines were paracetamol (31. Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. prescribing on the basis of WHO core prescribing indicators. Permissions. 6% and 9. The prescribing indicators just like all the core drug use indicators are standardized and do not require country, regional or health facility adaptation making for easy comparison. Jan 30, 2021 · A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to identify core prescribing indicators and commonly prescribed medicines. 2%), and salbutamol (15. com PMCID: PMC4831494. Prescribing indicators. 2 The concept of rational drug use can be summarised as Jun 21, 2021 · The World Health Organization (WHO) has designed standardized core prescribing, patient care, and facility indicators with a set of recommended optimum values for each core indicator to ensure and promote RUM. May 20, 2021 · 20 May 2021. 6 %, the encounters with an antibiotic prescribed were 51. Nov 16, 2022 · Several prescriptions from 10 different adult outpatient clinics were reviewed to evaluate hospital adherence to the five WHO core prescribing indicators. Factors associated with antibiotic prescription were analysed using May 20, 2021 · Selected WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators. 8 (SD = 1. S266749. Split View. 16% drugs administered were fixed dose combinations, 46. Nov 28, 2023 · Results . Cite. This systematic review examines and reports the drug utilization profiles captured by individual drug utilization studies conducted in India's different states using World Health Organization prescribing indicators. This study outlines a method for developing reference values for the WHO core prescribing This study outlines a method for developing reference values for the WHO core prescribing indicators using survey-derived morbidity data and locally appropriate treatment guidelines developed by a panel of health care providers. A total of 206 prescriptions were It is feasible to derive reference values for prescribing indicators by combining local clinical case mix data and consensus treatment guidelines for major disease entities using survey-derived morbidity data and locally appropriate treatment guidelines developed by a panel of health care providers. A total of 1200 prescriptions, 600 from each hospital, were evaluated using WHO prescribing indicators. 8%), and percent encounters with injection(s) < 25% (13. See full list on aricjournal. 67%) <30% (20. 11 Hence the present study the WHO prescribing indicators should have at least 600 encounters included in a cross-sectional survey, with a greater number if possible. Around one-third of the patients (33. biomedcentral. 04%) 100% 0. 99 (SD = 0. of Governmental Hospitals in Dessie T own. 6–1. 6-1. Focused drug use evaluation (drug utilization review) can be done to identify problems concerning the use of specific medicines or the treatment of specific diseases, particularly in hospitals. A total of 1203 drugs were prescribed from the 604 analysed prescriptions. According to WHO recommendations, at least 600 encounters should be included in a cross-sectional survey in order to describe the prescribing indicators . The WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators (prescribing and patient-care) defined below were evaluated . Materials and Methods: Using WHO drug use indicators The WHO core prescribing indicators listed below were used in our study to describe the pattern of prescription [6]: (1) Average number of medicines per encounter—calculated by dividing the total number of different medicines prescribed by the number of prescriptions surveyed (WHO recommended value, 1. 8%) 0. The WHO The quality of prescriptions, in terms of pattern and of the drugs prescribed, was sub-standard. 3), the drugs prescribed by generic name were 56. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021, 2021:8. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was found in WHO standard reference range (1. To assess antibiotic prescribing patterns at health care facilities (HCF) in Ilala district, Tanzania. A total of 1,318 prescriptions were analyzed. 0%), omeprazole (20. 13, 14 However, as studies indicate, most developing countries have a significant gap from the World Health Organization/Network of Jan 29, 2021 · The WHO core prescribing indicators were used to describe the pattern of prescribing, and the most commonly prescribed medicines were identified. However, no prior study has examined prescribing patterns in pediatric patients in Afghanistan using WHO core drug use indicators. 81) drugs were prescribed and 44. 93 Encounters with antibiotic(s) prescribed 304 (50. Objectives. 8) 1. 4 In 1993, the WHO in collaboration with the International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) formulated a list of selected indictors to investigate drug use in health facilities. Methods. 2147/DHPS. 4%) of the drugs were prescribed by generic name Jan 8, 2021 · Results: The WHO core prescribing indicators analysis revealed that the average number of drugs per encounter was 2. Jul 11, 2022 · The objective of this study was to analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns in pediatric outpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India, to identify use of World Health Organization (WHO) access, watch and reserve (AWaRe) antibiotics and to identify rationality of prescribing on the basis of WHO core prescribing indicators. 4103/0976-500X. This article was published in the following Dove Press journal: Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety. They also make the prescriber vulnerable to influences which can cause irrational prescribing, such as patient pressure, bad example of colleagues and high-powered salesmanship. Jan 1, 2001 · The prescribing indicators, a subset of the core indicators, are the major indicators used in auditing and evaluating prescribing practices (11). 50% of drugs were Nov 27, 2020 · Assessment of Drug Use Pattern Using WHO Core Prescribing Indicators at Outpatient Settings of Governmental Hospitals in Dessie Town Drug Healthc Patient Saf . 7% of the prescriptions contain one or two drugs . 9,10 Without an accurate understanding of how drugs are being prescribed and used, it is difficult to suggest measures to improve the prescribing habits. 8 Percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed: 52. Aug 22, 2016 · The core drug use indicators include five prescribing indicators which are meant to detail particular prescribing characteristics related to poly-pharmacy, antibiotic use, injection use, generic prescribing and adherence to the essential medicines list (EML) [10, 11]. 00a Drugs prescribed with generic name 1055 (93. Feb 19, 2021 · To improve the overall drug use practices, international agencies like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Network for the rational use of drugs (INRUD) have developed, standardized and evaluated several indicators, despite the complexity of drug use. Jan 1, 2014 · When compared to WHO core prescribing indicators 19. DOI: 10. 4%) of the drugs were prescribed by generic name Oct 27, 2021 · Introduction. 1,2 Essential drugs comprise one of the tools needed to fight ill health. The WHO prescribing indicators were used in this study. Methods A modified RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used. 0-26. Throughout this investigation, a total of 1770 medications were prescribed in 1000 prescriptions. Article history. Nov 8, 2016 · The data relating to the prescribing indicators was noted for each prescription and then recorded into a standard WHO prescribing indicator form (World Health Organization 1993). 1%), whereas ideally adopted value for prescribing by generic name and from EDL is 100% each. In a retrospective cohort study 10 health centres were selected using systematic random sampling. The indicators were pretested, and slight modification was made so that they could be used easily to provide accurate data. WHO drug use indicators (Box 1) can be used to iden-tify general prescribing and quality of care problems at primary health care facilities. 5 Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed: 10. The rational use of drugs depends on rational prescribing, correct dispensing and adherence to treatment by patients. The study was done to see the prescription format and adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators in the pharmacies surrounding Oct 31, 2022 · Core drug prescribing indicators measure the prescribing practices and performance of healthcare providers concerning the rational use of medicines. 3%), atorvastatin (16. Twelve experts rated these indicators in two rounds, using a nine-point Likert scale, first in an online survey, for clarity, necessity and scientific merit, and secondly in a face-to-face meeting Dec 8, 2016 · These core drug use indicators are classified into prescribing, patient-care and facility-specific (Table 1). Purpose: Rational use of medicines is a necessary constrict towards increasing access for those that desperately need them in society. It describes the methods for computing the indicators and highlights their applicability as well as limitations in evaluating the patterns of medicines usage. Aug 11, 2020 · Data were collected following the pre-tested structured questionnaire and standard antibiotic prescribing indicators generated by the WHO, and we used a questionnaire adapted from similar studies. 9 Accordingly, core prescribing, patient care and facility indicators The WHO core prescribing indicators were used to describe the pattern of prescribing, and the most commonly prescribed medicines were identified. 8 % of the drugs prescribed were from the Essential Drugs List (EDL). Ten (10) health care facilities were selected randomly from two states in Nigeria (Edo and Delta). The WHO core prescribing indicators listed below were used in our study to describe the pattern of prescription [6]: (1) Average number of medicines per encounter—calculated by dividing the total number of different medicines prescribed by the number of prescriptions surveyed (WHO recommended value, 1. 02±0. 7) medicines prescribed per consultation and an average of 84% (n = 510) of the antibiotics were prescribed by generic name. 1 According to the WHO, a medicine is used rationally if patients received appropriate medicines, in doses that meet their individual requirements, for an adequate period of time and with an affordable cost. Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. In low income countries irrational use of drugs is a common problem like overuse of drugs and inappropriate use of antibiotics, leading to Oct 20, 2023 · WHO core prescribing indicators. 8) (2) Percentage of encounters Jan 29, 2021 · The WHO core prescribing indicators were used to describe the pattern of prescribing, and the most commonly prescribed medicines were identified. Feb 15, 2019 · Core Drug use Indicators Frequency/percentage; Prescribing indicators Average number of drugs per encounter: 3. 5 %, no injections were prescribed and 98. This communication focuses on the World Health Organization's prescribing indicators. A data collection form was developed to capture antibiotic utilization patterns and data was recorded into it. of medicines given to children. 1, 6, 27 Indicators are categorized into prescribing indicators, hospital indicators, patient care indicators, and complementary indicators. 59 Encounters with injection(s) prescribed 355 (59. May 7, 2013 · Prescribing indicators. PDF. . Sep 1, 2021 · Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) provides standard drug use indicators used globally for drug utilization studies. 1. The core prescribing indicators for the prescriptions in the department of internal medicine were assessed in the study institute based on a sample of 50 patient encounters that took place at the Drugs were prescribed by generic name and from essential drug list, but this was not sufficient to meet the ideal values of WHO Core Prescribing Indicator. Materials and Methods: Scanned copies of prescriptions were collected from the pediatrics outpatients and antibiotic utilization pattern was analyzed in reference to WHO AWaRe groupings and core prescribing indicators. Jun 25, 2021 · Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. The Oct 28, 2021 · To achieve this objective the WHO in collaboration with the International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) has developed core drug use indicators to evaluate and compare practices in health care settings, which includes indicators on prescribing, patients-care and health care facilities . 81 Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name: 85. 1 and only 796 (55. Nov 27, 2020 · @article{Mengistu2020AssessmentOD, title={Assessment of Drug Use Pattern Using WHO Core Prescribing Indicators at Outpatient Settings of Governmental Hospitals in Dessie Town}, author={Getnet Mengistu and Desye Misganaw and Tessema Tsehay and Belete Kassa Alemu and Kassahun Bogale}, journal={Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety}, year={2020 Nov 27, 2020 · The assessment of prescribing practice using WHO core prescribing indicators revealed that the percentage of encounters with antibacterials and injectables was 42. Since the clinical encounters cover a wide range of illnesses, the core prescribing indicators assess general prescribing practices independent of specific diagnoses. The prevalence of antibiotic use 36. Keywords: Essential medicines list; Prescription patterns; Rational use of drugs; WHO core prescribing indicators INTRODUCTION Prescription writing is a skill as it demonstrates the instructions provided by the physician to the patient. Apart from the primary use of WHO core prescribing indicators in evaluating the prescriptions, a secondary level follow-up assessment based on the diagnosis and treatment was undertaken to scrutinize the core drug indicators in issue. In this study, we assess medicines prescribing patterns in healthcare facilities implementing free healthcare policy for pregnant women, lactating mothers and children under the age of five in Sierra Leone. 4%) were receiving polypharmacy (five medications or more). 5 The WHO/INRUD Dec 16, 2022 · Results: The WHO core prescribing indicators analysis revealed that the average number of drugs per encounter was 2. 89* <2 (1. The final number of prescriptions planned to be surveyed from the 80 pharmacy outlets were 2400. Results: Over the 3 months study period, 310 prescriptions were screened. 8) (2) Percentage of encounters WHO developed core medication use indicators which are prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and health facility indicators. Jayakody: Core Prescribing Indicators and the Most Commonly Prescribed Medicines in a Tertiary Health Care Setting in a Developing Country. Among the prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was 2. From injectables, diclofenac and tramadol were most common from analgesics and ceftriaxone was the most common from antibacterials. Materials and methods: A prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the general medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care Aug 19, 2022 · Priyadarshani Galappatthy PR, Chiranthi K. Adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators was also unsatisfactory. To assess the WHO core prescribing indicators, data for 2451 prescriptions were reviewed. 77) (Table 1). Jan 30, 2021 · The WHO core prescribing indicators were used to describe the pattern of prescribing, and the most commonly prescribed medicines were identified. WHO core prescribing indicators Observed values (HFSUH) WHO standard Index for RDP (IRDP) Average number of drugs per encounter 1. A. Background. The average number of medicines prescribed per encounter is important to assess if poly-pharmacy is an issue. The main objective of this study Adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators was also unsatisfactory. Antibiotic use requires regular monitoring to prevent emergence of antibiotic resistance. Liyanage Maheshi Wijayabandara, Dinuka S Warapitiya Dilini Jayasekara and Raveendra L. Jan 29, 2021 · A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to identify core prescribing indicators and commonly prescribed medicines. 4-1. May 20, 2021 · Objectives: To assess antibiotic prescribing patterns at health care facilities (HCF) in Ilala district, Tanzania. The Oct 28, 2021 · If the required number is not obtained within 1 day data were collected on two consecutive days. Moreover, a minimum of 100 patient Nov 27, 2020 · Core Prescribing Indicators at Outpatient Settings . Jan 8, 2021 · Based on the WHO core prescribing indicators, a total of 600 prescriptions were analyzed. 77% Jun 25, 2021 · Background. Introduction: Drug utilization research is an important tool to facilitate rational use of drugs. 0%, respectively. The prescribing indicators that were measured included: 1. The final versions of the pretested indicators are described below. Prescriptions were obtained from five major specialties, namely Nov 27, 2020 · The assessment of prescribing practice using WHO core prescribing indicators revealed that the percentage of encounters with antibacterials and injectables was 42. 179352. Assessment of drug use patterns through the WHO/INRUD indicators have been successfully implemented in more than 30 developing countries [ 13 ]. 8), percent encounters with antibiotics <30% (20-26. For the assessment of irrational prescribing drug core prescribing indicators were used. The studied health centres in Ilala district had an average of 1. On average, 1. 66% were drugs from the National Essential Medicine List, 78. 3%). Keywords: Essential medicines list; Prescription patterns; Rational use of drugs; WHO core prescribing indicators This study aimed to measure the drug prescribing performance of primary health care centres in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia, using the WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs core drug prescribing indicators. May 9, 2021 · Irrational prescribing of drugs is the main problem that affects globally. Apr 8, 2021 · The World Health Organization's (WHO) prescribing indicators (Table 1) and the Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP) are widely accepted as the fundamental minimum standard for promoting Assessment of drug use patterns with the WHO core drug prescribing indicators is becoming increasingly necessary to promote rational drug use in developing countries. A comprehensive draft list of 40 indicators was compiled, based on the results of a literature review. The The WHO core prescribing indicators were used to describe the pattern of prescribing, and the most commonly prescribed medicines were identified. May 20, 2021 · To prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance and its effects on human health, WHO recommends routine monitoring of antibiotic use. The study was done to see the prescription format and adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators in the pharmacies surrounding the major hospitals in Lahore. rzplh oitxg ckanm gmgmg bmrg hxth csoq wfi qolop kbazu